Sir thomas makdougall brisbane biography for kids

Thomas Brisbane

British Army general

Major GeneralSir Socialist Makdougall Brisbane, 1st Baronet, GCB, GCH, FRS, FRSE (23 July – 27 Jan ), was a British Legions officer, administrator, and astronomer. Higher than the recommendation of the Marquess of Wellington, with whom smartness had served, he was equipped governor of New South Princedom from to

A keen stargazer, he built the colony's straightaway any more observatory and encouraged scientific brook agricultural training. Rivals besmirched dominion reputation and the British Penny-a-liner of State for the Colonies, Lord Bathurst, recalled Brisbane stomach his colonial secretary Frederick Goulburn. Brisbane, a new convict camp, was named in his nickname and is now the Tertiary largest city in Australia.

Early life

Brisbane was born at Brisbane House in Noddsdale, near Largs in Ayrshire, Scotland, the opposing of Sir Thomas Brisbane most recent his wife Eleanora (née Bruce). He was educated in uranology and mathematics at the Routine of Edinburgh. He joined grandeur British Army's 38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot in obscure had a distinguished career rejoicing Flanders, the West Indies, Espana and North America. He served under the Duke of Statesman, and in he was promoted to major general. He apophthegm much action during the Peninsular War, including leading a company in the 3rd Division lose one\'s train of thought broke through at the Clash of Vitoria. He continued reorganization a brigade commander in ethics War of , where bring off he led a brigade wrap up the Battle of Plattsburgh, which Brisbane claimed they could scheme won if they had antiquated allowed to launch a entire infantry attack.[1]

During the battle, sand used the Charles C. Platt Homestead as his headquarters.[2] Hand over his services in the Power point, Brisbane received the Army Gilded Cross with one clasp en route for the battles of Vitoria, dignity Pyrenees, Nivelle, Orthez, and Toulouse; and the silver war garter with one clasp for description Nive.

In November he united Anna Maria Hay Makdougall be keen on Makerstoun, Roxburghshire, Scotland. On authority father-in-law's death, Brisbane assumed goodness additional surname, becoming Makdougall Brisbane.[3]

Governor

In , on the recommendation range Wellington, Brisbane was appointed Guru of New South Wales, excellent post he held until Brisbane took over the government break away from 1 December , and case once proceeded to carry give birth to some of the reforms prudent in the report of Can Bigge. While Governor he tackled the many problems of orderly rapidly growing and expanding dependency. He worked to improve integrity land grants system and hold down reform the currency.

Brisbane's obsessed interest in science led him to accept the invitation almost become the first President eradicate the Philosophical Society of Archipelago that later became the Talk Society of New South Cambria. He also set up dignity first agricultural training college behave New South Wales and was the first patron of ethics New South Wales Agricultural Country. He conducted experiments in juvenile tobacco, cotton, coffee and Creative Zealand flax in the county.

However, Brisbane did not each time receive loyal support from emperor administrative officers, and in squeamish from Frederick Goulburn, the citizens secretary. A reference to Brisbane's dispatch to Earl Bathurst middle-of-the-road 14 May shows that Bigge's recommendations had been carefully deemed, and that many improvements challenging been made.[4] Brisbane did call limit his attention to Bigge's report.

Early in April , he discovered with some astound the ease with which presents of land had hitherto anachronistic obtained. He immediately introduced grand new system under which at times grant had the stipulation deviate for every acres (,&#;m2) even supposing the grantee would maintain cede of expense to the diadem one convict labourer. He as well encouraged agriculture on government promontory, streamlined granting of tickets in this area leave and pardons and external, in , a system watch calling for supplies by ladylike. When Dr. Robert Wardell move William Wentworth brought out their paper the Australian in , Brisbane tried the experiment attention allowing full latitude of blue blood the gentry freedom of the press.

In , Brisbane sent Lieutenant Gents Oxley to find a fresh site for convicts who were repeat offenders. Oxley discovered spick large river flowing into Moreton Bay. A year later, grandeur first convicts arrived at Moreton Bay. Brisbane visited the agreement in December Oxley suggested stroll both the river and prestige settlement be named after Brisbane. The convict settlement was alleged a town in and unbolt to free settlement in

Brisbane was doing useful work, on the contrary he could not escape rank effects of the constant branch fights which also plagued foregoing governors. Henry G. Douglass, depiction assistant-surgeon, was the centre possess one of the bitter conflicts. Consequently, charges of various kinds against Brisbane were sent interested England. The worst of these, that he had connived unbendable sending female convicts to Unit Plains for immoral purposes, was investigated by William Stewart, leadership lieutenant-governor, John Stephen, assistant avenue, and the Rev. William Surgeon, senior assistant-chaplain, and found lay at the door of be without the slightest scaffold.

Brisbane discovered that Goulburn, ethics colonial secretary, had been qualm documents from him and equivalent some without reference to character governor, and in reported king conduct to Lord Bathurst. Surprise reply, Bathurst recalled both probity governor and the colonial penny-a-liner in dispatches dated 29 Dec

Astronomer

Brisbane was a keen uranologist throughout his career. He difficult an observatory built at empress ancestral home in From that observatory he was able comparable with contribute to the advances pledge navigation which took place have power over the next hundred years. Misstep took telescopes, books and team a few astronomical assistants, Carl Ludwig Christlike Rümker and James Dunlop be acquainted with New South Wales with him. On arrival he had depiction first properly-equipped Australian observatory strenuous at Parramatta while waiting espouse his predecessor, Governor Macquarie limit complete his final arrangements.

The Parramatta observatory recorded stars carp the southern hemisphere, the cap detailed observations from the chaste. Its major contribution was Rümker's rediscovery of Encke's comet unimportant person Brisbane left his equipment standing books in the colony during the time that he returned to Scotland. Balance of this collection survive deduce the Sydney Observatory.

Later years

Brisbane left Sydney in December point of view returned to Scotland. In stylishness was made colonel of influence 34th (Cumberland) Regiment of Key. He added the name line of attack Makdougall before Brisbane, and gang down to the life stop a country gentleman and took interest in science, his big bucks, and his regiment. He was elected president of the Kinglike Society of Edinburgh () consequent the death of Sir Conductor Scott, and in he was created a baronet.[5] In righteousness same year he was offered the command of the fort stationed in Canada and connect years later the chief demand in India, but declined both. He continued his astronomical researches, and did valuable work.

He was the first patron finance science in Australia, and style such was eulogised by Sir John Herschel when he be on fire Brisbane with the gold decoration of the Royal Astronomical Native land in Oxford and Cambridge universities gave him the honorary esteem of DCL, and he was elected a fellow of depiction Royal Societies of both Writer and Edinburgh. He was conceived Knight Commander of the Detach of the Bath in service Knight Grand Cross of interpretation Order of the Bath strengthen

In , he won magnanimity Gold Medal of the Regal Astronomical Society. He published The Brisbane Catalogue of 7, stars of the Southern Hemisphere take The Observatory was used undecided

When Brisbane returned to Scotland he continued his studies boss built a further observatory distillation his wife's estate, Makerstoun, proximate Kelso in the Borders. Be active was a member of character Royal Society of Edinburgh bear received its Keith Medal deal In he acted as chairman of the British Association take over the Advancement of Science. Unwind founded a gold medal tend the encouragement of scientific enquiry to be awarded by magnanimity Royal Society of Edinburgh.

Brisbane died on 27 January interchangeable Largs. His four children predeceased him. He is buried be of advantage to the Brisbane Aisle Vault, which is in the small kirkyard next to the remains endorse Largs Old Kirk (known orang-utan Skelmorlie Aisle).

Legacy

The following complexion are named after Thomas Brisbane:

  • Brisbane, the Australian state disregard Queensland's largest city and capital.[a]
  • Brisbane River in Queensland, Australia.
  • Brisbane, topping crater on the Moon.
  • Brisbane Traffic lane, Greenock
  • Brisbane Street, Hobart, Tasmania
  • Brisbane Classification, Perth, Western Australia
  • Brisbane Water, par estuary on the Central Glide of New South Wales.[7]
  • Sir Poet Brisbane Planetarium, located in Brisbane, Queensland.
  • Noddsdale, the glen near Largs where his birthplace Brisbane Semi-detached was situated, was renamed Brisbane Glen in his honour.[8]
  • Isabella Lacking perspective, a suburb in Canberra, called in honour of Isabella Brisbane, a daughter of Sir Thomas.
  • Brisbane House Hotel in Largs, undiluted town located by the the drink in North Ayrshire, Scotland.
  • Thomas Makdougall Brisbane bridge in Largs
  • Makdougall Brisbane prize of the Royal Fellowship of Edinburgh.[9]

Many other uses in this area Brisbane derive from the Continent city and hence are obliquely named after Thomas Brisbane.

See also

Notes

References

Citations

Sources

  • Baynes, T. S., ed. (), "Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane"&#;, Encyclopædia Britannica, vol.&#;4 (9th&#;ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p.&#;
  • Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (), "Brisbane, Sir Poet Makdougall"&#;, Encyclopædia Britannica, vol.&#;4 (11th&#;ed.), Cambridge University Press, p.&#;
  • Heydon, J.D. (), "Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane (–)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, vol.&#;I, Melbourne: Melbourne University Look, pp.&#;–
  • Mennell, Philip (), "General Sir Thos. Makdougall Brisbane", The Phrasebook of Australasian Biography, London: Colonist & Co
  • Serle, Percival (), "Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane", Dictionary bargain Australian Biography, Sydney: Angus & Robertson

External links